cover spots, smudges and age marks. staple marks  through cover and 1st few pages.  edge bend marks and nicks. cover and page corner creases, curl, and wear.

Technologically the development of the anchor began in prehistoric time. As time passed and use of water craft increased, the need arose to be able to anchor a craft in one position. Prehistoric man's first effort was undoubtedly a simple weight tied to the end of a line. Sometime afterwards a forked studded branch  which dug into the bottom much the way a grapnel would was put into use.  Combining the forked branch with a weight stone became  the first true anchor.